Advantages, disadvantages, and comparison of filter cartridge dust removal and electrostatic dust removal technologies

Smoke and dust are one of the main causes of air pollution, and the fundamental measure to reduce air pollution is to reduce the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere. At present, national environmental protection standards are becoming stricter, and the requirements for pollutant emissions are also increasing. Therefore, when selecting dust removal and purification equipment, these objective factors must be considered.

When choosing a dust removal process, full consideration should be given to factors such as economy, reliability, applicability, and sociality. The determination of dust removal technology is influenced by various factors such as local conditions, on-site conditions, smoke and dust characteristics, emission standards, and the required dust removal efficiency.

Based on current environmental requirements, pollutant emissions, and the differences in performance between electrostatic precipitators and filter cartridge dust collectors, as well as their practical applications in various industries, an objective comparison is made on the basic performance of the two types of dust collectors in practical applications.

Problems with electrostatic precipitators

The electrostatic precipitator is an extremely complex process in actual operation, which is affected by many factors. The theoretically calculated dust removal efficiency differs greatly from the actual operation data, including physical, electrical, fluid dynamics, etc. The strongest interference effect is the properties of flue gas and dust, such as the specific resistance of dust. The electrostatic precipitator has strict requirements for the specific resistance of dust. The best dust collection effect is achieved when the specific resistance is between 105-1011 Ω· cm, When the specific resistance is below 104 Ω· cm (low resistance type), the dust conducts well. When the specific resistance of the dust is above 1011 (high resistance type) There are also cases where p>5 × 1010 Ω· cm is designated as a high specific resistance dust, leading to back corona phenomenon. A large number of cations are formed in the dust collector and material layer, neutralizing the incoming anions, increasing electrical energy consumption, deteriorating purification operations, and even making it impossible to operate. Therefore, there is a certain selectivity for dust, which cannot achieve high purification efficiency for all dust. And it is greatly affected by conditions such as gas temperature and humidity, and the same type of dust can achieve different dust removal effects when operated at different temperatures and humidity. In addition, chemical composition, dust particle distribution, pressure, gas flow rate, and other factors can also affect the dust removal efficiency. At the same time, the ability of electrostatic precipitators to handle fine particles is limited. ESP poses the greatest threat to human health, ranging from 0.1 to 2 μ The dust removal efficiency of m's dust particles is poor. Another problem with the existence of electrostatic precipitators is that although they have high dust removal efficiency, their equipment is relatively complex, their cost is high, and they require high levels of operation, installation, and maintenance management. For some small and medium-sized enterprises, it is unaffordable, so its scope of use is limited to some large enterprises.

Problems with filter cartridge dust collectors

The filter cartridge dust collector has operational resistance issues. The operating resistance of the filter cartridge dust collector is high, and the overload carrying capacity (1000-1700Pa) is poor. The energy consumption of the resistance during operation is higher than that of the electrostatic precipitator. Under different working conditions, the inlet and body of the filter cartridge dust collector are prone to positive pressure phenomenon. The pressure loss is large (~1500Pa) and fluctuates greatly. The dust removal efficiency of a filter cartridge dust collector largely depends on the filter cartridge. The ordinary filter cartridge has poor low-temperature resistance (can only handle gases below 100 ℃), and the price of high-temperature resistant filter materials is too high, which increases the cost。

Problems with filter cartridge dust collectors

The filter cartridge dust collector has operational resistance issues. The operating resistance of the filter cartridge dust collector is high, and the overload carrying capacity (1000-1700Pa) is poor. The energy consumption of the resistance during operation is higher than that of the electrostatic precipitator. Under different working conditions, the inlet and body of the filter cartridge dust collector are prone to positive pressure phenomenon. The pressure loss is large (~1500Pa) and fluctuates greatly. The dust removal efficiency of a filter cartridge dust collector largely depends on the filter cartridge. The ordinary filter cartridge has poor low-temperature resistance (can only handle gases below 100 ℃), and the high temperature resistant filter material is expensive, which increases the cost. Moreover, the filter cartridge is prone to damage and has a short lifespan. The replacement cycle is generally short, usually one year. In addition, the filter cartridge is greatly affected by the humidity of the flue gas. The high or low humidity of the flue gas changes the dew point, and the higher the dew point, the more likely it is to cause condensation and clogging of the filter cartridge, which affects the filtration performance of the dust collector and increases resistance. In terms of maintenance costs, the service life of electrostatic precipitators is generally over 10 years. Under normal operating conditions, the annual maintenance cost is about 5% of the one-time investment, or even lower. When the filter cartridge dust collector uses imported membrane filter material, its service life is generally 1-2 years. In the total investment of the filter cartridge dust collector, the cost of the filter cartridge accounts for about 25% to 30% of the total equipment investment. The maintenance cost of replacing the filter cartridge every year is relatively high.

The cost of replacing the filter cartridge of the filter cartridge dust collector alone is about three times the maintenance cost of the electrostatic precipitator.